为实现旱区春小麦种植生产环境效益和经济效益双赢，依托大田试验,研究不同覆盖措施秸秆带状覆盖、地膜覆盖、秸秆碎秆覆盖和对照露地平作对旱区春小麦产量及碳效率的影响，并对经济效益进行了评价。结果表明，与露地平作相比，地膜覆盖显著提高了生育期春小麦干物质积累量，增幅为37.58%；秸秆带状覆盖提高了小麦开花期和收获期干物质积累量，增幅分别为32.65%和9.83%。秸秆碎秆覆盖、地膜覆盖千粒重较露地平作分别提高了15.55%、21.91%。地膜覆盖碳投入总量增幅最大，较露地平作增加1 223.07 kg C/hm2。秸秆碎秆覆盖较露地平作籽粒碳和植株碳产出量分别提高了38.41%和23.34%。秸秆带状覆盖提高了碳生产效率、碳经济效率、碳生态效率，增幅分别为0.58 %、0.45 %、0.24%。秸秆碎秆覆盖经济效益为3 882.69元，较露地平作增加22.7%。综合表明，各覆盖措施均能提高春小麦产量和经济效益，其中秸秆带状覆盖显著提高了碳生产效率、碳经济效率和碳生态效率。

In order to achieve both environmental benefits and economic benefits of spring wheat planting in arid areas, based on field experiments, effects of different mulching measures, such as straw strip mulching, plastic film mulching, crushed straw mulching and open field flat planting, on the yield and carbon efficiency of spring wheat in arid areas were studied, and the economic beneficts were evaluated. Results showed that compared with open field flat planting, plastic film mulching significantly increased the dry matter accumulation of spring wheat during the whole growth period with an increase of 37.58%. Straw strip mulching increased the dry matter accumulation at wheat flowering and harvesting stages by 32.65% and 9.83%, respectively. The 1000-grain weight of crushed straw mulching and plastic film mulching were increased by 15.55% and 21.91%, respectively, compared with open field flat planting. Plastic film mulching had the largest increase in total carbon input, which was 1 223.07 kg C/ha higher than that of open field flat planting. Compared with open field flat planting, crushed straw mulching increased grain carbon and plant carbon yield by 38.41% and 23.34%, respectively. Straw strip mulching improved carbon production efficiency, carbon economic efficiency and carbon ecological efficiency by 0.58%, 0.45% and 0.24%, respectively. In addition, the economic benefit of crushed straw mulching was 3 882.69 Yuan, which was 22.7% higher than that of open field flat planting. Therefore, each mulching measure could improve the yield and economic benefits of spring wheat, and the straw strip mulching could significantly increase the carbon production efficiency, carbon economic efficiency and carbon ecological efficiency.

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国家自然科学基金项目(32160525)； 甘肃省自然科学基金(20JR5RA034)； 甘肃农业大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202401057、 202401058)。