为了利用生物学技术和手段来解决农业问题，让基因组测序技术、转基因及基因编辑等现代分子生物学技术为农业遗传育种服务，实现常规育种与分子设计育种的紧密结合，加速作物精准育种进程，近年颇受学术界关注。现梳理了一些分子生物学专用名词概念，概述了目前在正向遗传学研究中如何利用极端表型材料基于全基因组测序的BSA-Seq方法(MutMap法、MutMap+法、MutMap-Gap法、QTL-seq法)快速定位重要农艺性状的QTL/基因，为快速定位和克隆候选基因提供新思路。

In order to resolve the agriculture problem using biological technologies and tools， modern molecular biology technologies such as genome sequencing， transgenic technology and gene editing could serve agricultural genetics and breeding， to realize the close intergration of traditional breeding and molecular design breeding， and accelerate the process of precision breeding of crops， which has attracted academic attention in recent years. In this study， we sorted out some molecular biological terminology concepts， and summarized how to rapidly locate QTL/gene for important agronomic traits using extreme phenotypic materials and BSA-Seq (Bulked segregate analysis-sequencing) method (MutMap， MutMap+， MutMap-Gap and QTL-seq method) based on the whole genome sequencing in forward genetics， providing new ideas for rapid mapping and cloning of candidate genes.

S336；Q78

国家自然科学基金(32160490、31860384)；2020年甘肃省科协青年科技人才托举工程项目；甘肃省农业科学院创新专项-博士基金(2020GAAS34)。